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Chota Bhai
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Par:-  Rabin Bhujun

On 12/02/2012

Il ne serait pas permis d’en douter. Le Grand frère adore son Chota Bhai (petit frère). Cette semaine, l’Inde l’a prouvé une nouvelle fois en accueillant avec faste le Premier ministre de Maurice. Autoroutes dégagées, scènes de liesse populaire dans des villages, parades  militaires, signatures d’accords, banquets d’Etat ainsi qu’une très généreuse couverture médiatique. Le sentiment de fraternité rebattu entre les deux pays suffi t-il toutefois à expliquer pourquoi l’Inde accorde une telle importance à son minuscule voisin ?

Si par la lorgnette locale, les échanges commerciaux Inde/Maurice paraissent énormes, ils méritent néanmoins d’être relativisés. La facture de nos importations de l’Inde s’est élevée à presque Rs 25,5 milliards durant les neuf premiers mois de 2011. Faisant du pays de  Manmohan Singh le premier fournisseur de Maurice, loin devant la Chine. Sur chaque Rs 100 d’importations mauriciennes, l’Inde s’est ainsi taillé une part de Rs 24. Mais cela demeure quantité négligeable. Le marché mauricien ne consomme qu’environ 0,01 % des exportations indiennes.

L’analyse inverse révèle une réalité tout aussi cruelle. Maurice a exporté l’équivalent de Rs 40,7 milliards durant les trois premiers trimestres de 2011. Or, seul 0,4 % (soit Rs 166 millions) de la production Made In Mauritius a trouvé son chemin vers l’Inde durant cette période. On est loin du potentiel d’exportation de Rs 1 milliard. C’est ce qui avait été promis, il y a un peu plus de cinq ans, lors de la conclusion d’un Comprehensive Economic Cooperation and Partnership Agreement permettant à Maurice d’exporter, hors taxes, jusqu’à un million de pièces de textile – habillement, 50 000 litres de rhum et 15 000 tonnes de sucres spéciaux vers l’Inde.

Qu’importe. Il reste les flux financiers! Une analyse sommaire des chiffres de  l’investissement direct étranger entre les deux pays démontre encore une fois, un déséquilibre criant. En dehors de milliards transitant par nos offshore management companies, seuls quelques petits millions font directement le va-et-vient entre les deux pays. Selon la Banque de Maurice, des entreprises locales ont injecté Rs 465 millions en Inde en 2011. Tandis que les Indiens, eux, n’ont directement investi que … Rs 99 millions sur le sol mauricien !

On s’interroge donc. Peut-on vraiment dire que le partenariat économique Inde/Maurice se déroule selon une formule « win-win » ? Peut-être pas. La chaleur de l’Inde à l’égard de Maurice n’est-elle fi nalement pas motivée par le fait que nous ne serions qu’un Chota Bhai ? Cela se pourrait. C’est ce qui expliquerait d’ailleurs pourquoi l’Inde rechigne à modifier drastiquement le traité de non double imposition liant les deux pays malgré de forts lobbies indiens et singapouriens. Mais pourquoi l’Inde, superpuissance économique en devenir, doit-elle ménager son petit frère ?


D’abord pour le pied-à-terre que nous lui offrons. L’Inde accuse un retard considérable dans sa stratégie d’implantation en Afrique. Pendant que la Chine multiplie les zones économiques sur le continent et prépare l’invasion du Made in China sur ce marché insuffisamment exploité, l’Inde piétine. Durant ce temps, Maurice continue à offrir à son voisin la possibilité d’exploiter conjointement les centaines de milliers d’hectares de concessions qu’elle a obtenues au Mozambique depuis plus d’une décennie. Tout comme nous continuons à permettre à notre partenaire d’utiliser les accords commerciaux et douaniers dont Maurice dispose à travers la Comesa et la SADC pour transformer l’île en base avancée de la production indienne à destination de l’Afrique.


Ensuite, Maurice offre à l’Inde une position stratégique inégalée. Les eaux territoriales nationales autour de Maurice, Rodrigues, Saint-Brandon et Agalega constituent un énorme terrain d’action à une marine indienne en mal de point d’ancrage dans l’océan Indien. En effet, la Chine a désormais son pied-à-terre seychellois, la France compte sur La Réunion, tandis que le couple américano-britannique dispose de Diego Garcia comme point de rayonnement. Ce qui ne laisse à l’Inde que très peu de possibilités pour assurer une présence dissuasive autour de sa marine marchande. Et conduire tous les relevés  bathymétriques nécessaires aux manoeuvres de ses sous-marins nucléaires Arihant dans la zone.


Le Chota Bhai de l’Inde n’en est finalement pas un. Il convient désormais de s’en souvenir dans nos relations avec les Indiens. Un mot doit suffire à les qualifier à l’avenir : décomplexées.


Commentaires

Par nav
Feb 14, 2012
It is really sad that some people feel like that about the relationship we have with India. Open your eyes and see the economic benefits that we gain frm India. I bet if it was another country then everything will be looked at as great for Mauritius. Why such jealousy about India!!!
Par MBCTV
Feb 14, 2012
Very interesting input from Strategic Partners.Still one would like to know though whether Indian tax authorities are happy with the Singapore jurisdiction.The main complaint by the Indian press as well as Indian tax authorities against Mauritius is that the latter has allowed Indian nationals based in India ,to defraud India, by using the Mauritius jurisdiction!It is up to the Indian government to make a clear statement to substantiate the accusations made against the Mauritius jurisdiction or put them to rest,once and for all!It is true that countries like Kuwait has been parking their massive income from oil,in Singapore banks,basically putting an end to their relationship with American banks!Do Indian authorities believe,that their lot of fraudsters will give Singapore a miss ,for Singapore enjoys the reputation of be?ing corrupt free?Above all is Singapore ready to provide port facilities to the Indian Navy?Have the Indians been putting pressure on Singapore for port facilities / naval base for the Indian navy?Or perhaps Singapore is different...
Par snil
Feb 13, 2012
CECPA with India has never been signed and therefore not operational. When assessing Trade and Economic relations with a country one should have a look at the broader picture and not just look at trade and that too in the goods sector. It is understood that trade is highly skewed in favour of India and there should not be anything surprising given that India a low cost producer. But if we look at the net benefit then Mauritius may be getting much more than the figures quoted in the article.
Par phoolchand parbhu
Feb 13, 2012
The PM humiliated Mauritians by insisting to invite for dinner a small boy actor Imraan Khan during a bilateral dinner meeting.Are we in a democracy or Monarchy?Even the MMM and Msm said nothing about it.If offshore centre needs to grow lots of order should be made.
Par Raghu
Feb 13, 2012
Well it seem to have some facts ! But it lacks clarity and focus since the reader fails to understand whats the intention of the article !
Par From: Strategic Partners
Feb 13, 2012
From: Strategic Partners. The power of a DTA. Peut-on vraiment dire que le partenariat économique Inde/Maurice se déroule selon une formule « win-win »? The truth comes gushing out of the article of Mr. Rabin Bhujun. The Indians had no express power to abrogate the Treaty, and promptly tried to renegotiate the residence test, insert a "limitation of benefit" clause, and get Mauritius to revisit rates of withholding tax. Mauritius declined, but amended domestic law to stop registration of companies with an Indian parent – easy to sidestep, and this did not impress the Indians. So they tried stick and carrot. They offered economic aid, and threatened - and ultimately enacted - an agreement in summer 2005 with Singapore, that removed much of the Mauritius tax marketAdvantage - at the cost of further cutting off their tax footing. Saudi Arabia & Kuwait requested Singapore treatment! What to expect in India’s budget next month. India’s finance minister will present his 2012 budget on March 16 and advisers are warning that taxpayers should be prepared for the adoption of controlled foreign company legislation, a general anti-avoidance rule and a place of effective management regime. Pranab Mukherjee’s budget is also expected to include amendments on the taxation of indirect assets after the Vodafone Supreme Court ruling from last month. Best for us in Mauritius to read the writings on the wall. High level of complacency from the State Authorities and its investment agency took the path of least efforts and never rose to undertake sound economic diplomacy. Singapore worked hard and showed its mettle through resolute and consistent ground level 7 practical approach. India and China are the economic super engines in the fast growing Asia. As the center of gravity of investments and economic activities shifts towards Asia India is gaining a lot of attention because of the economic opportunities and investment potential. Singapore being the preferred platform for international expansion of companies, many investors and entrepreneurs targeting Indian businesses and Indian opportunities incorporate a Singapore company. Singapore is the best jurisdiction for Indian businesses expanding internationally and India bound investments to gain maximum tax savings, provided the entity is properly structured and meets certain prerequisites. There has been a surge in investment flows between both the countries after the implementation of DTA and more Indian origin companies have been incorporated in Singapore. Many Indian IT companies have registered Singapore companies and are benefiting from the subsidized taxes on royalties of software and fees for services rendered. This growing bilateral relationship is a testament to the efficacy of the DTA between India and Singapore and underscores the prominence of Singapore as an internationalization platform to Indian companies which are actively expanding through Singapore incorporations.
Par democrat
Feb 13, 2012
While it is clear that Motah Bhai (India) has no control over Chota Bhai (Mauritius), it looks like the latter has gained significant influence over the former. How else can we explain the fact that the Prime minister has succeeded in preventing an immediate review of the Double-Taxation Agreement Treaty (DTAT) when there are legitimate concerns in India that its non-resident investors are using the offshore facilities in Mauritius to circumvent the capital gains tax applicable there? Since national interest is paramount in international affairs, neither Mauritius nor India would give up a benefit in bilateral relations unless there is a quid pro quo. What is India gaining in keeping the DTAT intact and what is Mauritius giving up in exchange? That is the crucial question. Of course, the pundits would say that the existence of the DTAT testifies to the historical relationship, based on shared cultural heritage, between the two countries. Other observers would point to the negotiating skills of the PM, whose wheeling and dealing lately with his domestic opponents (how he took the opposition for a ride on electoral reform) as well as his foreign partners (how he exercised his mojo with the Indian leaders) is bringing him astonishing results. What may be the determining factor in the direction of bilateral relations with India is geo-politics. Since Mauritius has a history of carving up its territory to give substantial concessions to foreign powers (Diego Garcia to the British in1967 and Jin Fei exclusive zone in the north for the Chinese), India may be interested to gain a foothold on one of the outlying islands of Mauritius to set up a naval base for oceanographic research and other purposes. India is also desperate to firm up its military presence in the Indian Ocean to face up to the challenge of an increasingly influential China, which is building a network of investment partnerships in Africa and Asia. If Mauritius is not shy of trading off its real assets to foreigners for some economic gains, why would not India take advantage of this generosity and accept a short-term pain (DTAT) for a long-term gain?
Par MBCTV
Feb 12, 2012
A very narrow view of the India-Mauritius relationship by Rabin Bhujun. "la conclusion d’un Comprehensive Economic Cooperation and Partnership "An agreement in principle has been arrived at,some five years ago but has yet not concluded,hence not activated!Unless somebody else knows differently!And what is wrong with the suggestion that India is looking for port facilities for its navy?They do not happen to be European?They do not pronounce football as FOUTBOL like some of our learned journalists and broadcasters?
Par Lorre
Feb 12, 2012
Mr Bhujun, you seem to have hit a sore point with some section of our "Mauritian nationals". Any negative critics about Mother India sends them into a frenzy. When will they start thinking as true Mauritians? A long way to go yet.
Par capdal
Feb 12, 2012
@burn-it: Grace a qui???
Par Burn-it
Feb 12, 2012
L'ile Maurice est une honte pour l'Afrique...
Par Satish
Feb 12, 2012
I would really want to know what is point you (Mr R Bhujun) want to make by writing this article!!!!
Par citoyen
Feb 12, 2012
useless to boast about the vast line of credit. a credit remains a credit it is not a freebie! the EU, BAD, ARb etc have given far more than that
Par Petite France
Feb 12, 2012
So much more pertinent narayen. May Manu Vyas never " souffre de cette fievre emotionelle qui atteint beacoup de nos compatriotes quand on prononce" la France et les colons-barons!
Par narayen
Feb 12, 2012
What is the interest of France in Mayotte - Tromelin under Berenger Rodrigues- Mauritius Telecom etc. How many Frech descendants do u have there. Then u speak about Bare and Chote Bhai. It's all Geo politics.
Par Manu Vyas
Feb 12, 2012
Eh Bien Bravo! Pour votre analyse qui ne souffre pas de cet fievre emotionelle qui atteint beacoup de nos compatriotes quand on prononce l'Inde.
Par Surishta
Feb 12, 2012
Only Rs 99 Millions were invested directly in Mauritius but how much was invested by transiting through Mauritius to Africa ? Isn't Mauritius supposed to be the gateway to Africa in almost everything, making Africa accessible? Isn't 'chota bhai' of Mauritius gaining indirectly? So many questions...(sighs)
Par S
Feb 12, 2012
Well, the Mauritian offshore financial sector exists thanks to the DTA between Mauritius and India. True that now we are able to use some other agreements that we have, but the sector was able to take off thanks to the DTA with India and the sector still depends to a large extent on this DTA. What about ICT? The conference centre in Pailles? Training of the National Coast Guard and the list goes on. I hope that the next field in which India will help us is higher education: Indian Institute of Tech, Indian School of Business and Indian Institute of Management.
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